Cardiac-Vascular Nursing (CVRN) Practice Exam

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What is a significant concern for patients diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis?

  1. Development of pulmonic stenosis

  2. Emergency surgical intervention

  3. Embolization of the bacterial vegetation to the periphery

  4. Onset of acute renal failure

The correct answer is: Embolization of the bacterial vegetation to the periphery

Patients diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis are at significant risk for embolization of bacterial vegetation to the periphery. This condition occurs when the vegetative growths of bacteria on the heart valves, or associated structures, can dislodge and travel through the bloodstream to other parts of the body. These emboli can occlude blood vessels, leading to various complications depending on where they lodge, such as in the brain (resulting in stroke), lungs (causing pulmonary embolism), or extremities (leading to ischemia or necrosis). Understanding this risk is crucial in managing patients with bacterial endocarditis, as timely identification and intervention can help prevent serious complications that can arise from these embolic events. Thus, monitoring for signs and symptoms of embolization is an integral part of patient care for these individuals.

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